📰 Daily Current Affairs Notes — Friday, August 7, 2026

Sources scanned: PIB India, The Hindu, Indian Express, PRS India, RBI, NITI Aayog, and Chhattisgarh State Government portals.

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Union Cabinet Approves Scheme to Fuel Compressed Biogas Sector Growth — [Economy: GS Paper III]

#### 1. The Core News Report

The Union Cabinet has approved a substantial outlay of ₹23,371 crore for the GOBARdhan scheme, aimed at fueling the growth of the Compressed Biogas (CBG) sector across the country. The comprehensive scheme aspires to increase domestic production of CBG tenfold while mobilizing large-scale private investment into the clean energy space. This policy push aligns with India’s broader commitments toward achieving net-zero emissions, reducing fossil fuel import dependence, and converting organic waste to wealth in rural and semi-urban landscapes.

#### 2. Examination Analysis (Why it is Important & Exam Relevance)

• Why it is Important: The financial infusion into the GOBARdhan scheme signifies a major policy step toward decentralised clean energy transition, waste management monetization, and boosting farmers’ income through agri-waste utilisation.

• UPSC Relevance:

* Prelims: Financial outlay and core objectives of the GOBARdhan scheme, Ministries involved, and Compressed Biogas (CBG) standards.

* GS Paper (I / II / III / IV): GS Paper III (Indian Economy, Infrastructure: Energy, Environmental Conservation, and Sustainable Development).

* Essay: Can be used in essays dealing with renewable energy transitions, circular economy, and sustainable rural development.

* Interview: Questions regarding India’s energy security mix and monetisation of agricultural and cattle waste.

• CGPSC Relevance:

* Prelims: Bio-energy initiatives and central sector schemes implemented in rural Chhattisgarh.

* Mains Paper: GS Paper III (Economy and Agriculture / Energy resources of Chhattisgarh).

* Chhattisgarh Special (if applicable): Relevance of GOBARdhan for rural sanitation, gobar procurement linkages, and rural livelihood generation in Chhattisgarh.

• Key Facts to Remember:

* Important figures / Constitutional Articles / Committees: Financial outlay of ₹23,371 crore approved by the Union Cabinet.

* Reports / Organizations / Schemes / Acts / Locations / Dates: GOBARdhan Scheme (Galvanising Organic Bio-Agro Resources Dhan).

• Possible Prelims MCQs:

1. With reference to the GOBARdhan scheme, consider the following statements:

1. It aims to increase the domestic production of Compressed Biogas (CBG).

2. It is designed to mobilize large-scale private investment and manage organic waste.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(A) 1 only

(B) 2 only

(C) Both 1 and 2

(D) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2

2. The newly approved financial outlay by the Union Cabinet for the GOBARdhan scheme to boost the CBG sector is approximately:

(A) ₹10,000 crore

(B) ₹15,500 crore

(C) ₹23,371 crore

(D) ₹50,000 crore

Correct Answer: (C) ₹23,371 crore

• Possible Mains Questions:

1. Discuss how the GOBARdhan scheme can act as a catalyst for India’s green energy transition while simultaneously addressing rural waste management and augmenting farmers’ incomes. (150 words, 10 marks)

• Keywords / Tags: `GOBARdhan Scheme` `Compressed Biogas` `Union Cabinet` `Renewable Energy` `Waste to Wealth` `GS Paper III`

• Related Topics for Revision:

* National Biofuel Policy

* SATAT (Sustainable Alternative Towards Affordable Transportation) Initiative

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RBI Releases Upper Layer Non-Banking Financial Companies List — [Economy: GS Paper III]

#### 1. The Core News Report

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has released its latest list of Non-Banking Financial Companies in the Upper Layer (NBFC-UL), which notably features Tata Sons, keeping mounting pressure for its public listing under regulatory frameworks. Under the scale-based regulation (SBR) framework introduced by the central bank, NBFCs in the Upper Layer are subject to tighter regulatory and supervisory requirements akin to those applicable to commercial banks, given their systemic importance and potential interlinkages with the broader financial system.

#### 2. Examination Analysis (Why it is Important & Exam Relevance)

• Why it is Important: The categorization of systemically important NBFCs into the Upper Layer highlights the RBI’s proactive macroprudential stance to mitigate systemic risks arising from the shadow banking sector.

• UPSC Relevance:

* Prelims: Scale-based regulation (SBR) framework, definition and categorization of NBFC-UL by the Reserve Bank of India.

* GS Paper (I / II / III / IV): GS Paper III (Indian Economy, Banking Sector Reforms, Monetary Policy, and Financial Stability).

* Essay: Utility of robust financial regulation in preventing systemic banking crises.

* Interview: Discussion on shadow banking, regulation of large conglomerates, and RBI’s oversight role.

• CGPSC Relevance:

* Prelims: Regulatory bodies of India and economic governance concepts.

* Mains Paper: GS Paper III (Indian and Chhattisgarh Economy: Banking and Financial Institutions).

• Key Facts to Remember:

* Important figures / Constitutional Articles / Committees: Scale-Based Regulation (SBR) framework introduced by RBI.

* Reports / Organizations / Schemes / Acts / Locations / Dates: Reserve Bank of India (RBI), NBFC-Upper Layer (NBFC-UL) list.

• Possible Prelims MCQs:

1. Consider the following statements regarding the Non-Banking Financial Companies in the Upper Layer (NBFC-UL):

1. They are classified by the Reserve Bank of India based on a scale-based regulation framework.

2. They are subjected to stricter regulatory norms and supervisory oversight comparable to commercial banks due to their systemic risk profile.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(A) 1 only

(B) 2 only

(C) Both 1 and 2

(D) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2

2. Under which regulatory framework does the Reserve Bank of India classify NBFCs into Base Layer, Middle Layer, Upper Layer, and Top Layer?

(A) Prompt Corrective Action (PCA) Framework

(B) Scale-Based Regulation (SBR) Framework

(C) Basel III Norms Implementation

(D) Asset Reconstruction Guidelines

Correct Answer: (B) Scale-Based Regulation (SBR) Framework

• Possible Mains Questions:

1. Examine the rationale behind the Reserve Bank of India’s Scale-Based Regulation framework for Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs). How does the Upper Layer classification help in maintaining financial stability? (250 words, 15 marks)

• Keywords / Tags: `Reserve Bank of India` `NBFC-UL` `Scale-Based Regulation` `Tata Sons` `Financial Stability` `GS Paper III`

• Related Topics for Revision:

* Prompt Corrective Action (PCA) Framework for NBFCs

* Systemically Important Financial Institutions (SIFIs)

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PM Surya Ghar Witnesses Rapid Growth in Rooftop Solar Installations — [Environment & Ecology: GS Paper III]

#### 1. The Core News Report

Union Minister for New and Renewable Energy Pralhad Joshi announced that the PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana has witnessed a more than tripling of daily rooftop solar installations over the past nine months, crossing the milestone of over 50 lakh beneficiaries. The scheme aims to light up households through free electricity via rooftop solar panels, heavily incentivizing residential adoption and reducing carbon emissions while lowering consumer electricity bills across states.

#### 2. Examination Analysis (Why it is Important & Exam Relevance)

• Why it is Important: The surge in rooftop solar adoption under PM Surya Ghar highlights India’s accelerating transition towards decentralized renewable energy generation and meeting international climate targets.

• UPSC Relevance:

* Prelims: PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana targets, subsidies, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) schemes.

* GS Paper (I / II / III / IV): GS Paper III (Conservation, Environmental Pollution and Degradation, Renewable Energy Infrastructure).

* Essay: Role of citizen-centric clean energy programs in combating climate change.

* Interview: Discussing the feasibility of rooftop solar adoption and grid integration challenges in India.

• CGPSC Relevance:

* Prelims: Central renewable energy schemes and solar power adoption statistics in India and states.

* Mains Paper: GS Paper III (Energy Resources and Environmental Management in Chhattisgarh).

• Key Facts to Remember:

* Important figures / Constitutional Articles / Committees: PM Surya Ghar crossed over 50 lakh beneficiaries.

* Reports / Organizations / Schemes / Acts / Locations / Dates: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana.

• Possible Prelims MCQs:

1. The PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana primarily focuses on promoting which of the following?

(A) Utility-scale solar parks in desert regions

(B) Rooftop solar installations for residential households

(C) Offshore wind energy generation farms

(D) Agricultural solar water pump subsidies

Correct Answer: (B) Rooftop solar installations for residential households

2. Which Union Ministry is responsible for implementing the PM Surya Ghar scheme?

(A) Ministry of Power

(B) Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

(C) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

(D) Ministry of Science and Technology

Correct Answer: (B) Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

• Possible Mains Questions:

1. Evaluate the progress of decentralized renewable energy initiatives in India, with special reference to the PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana. What are the key bottlenecks in scaling rooftop solar energy? (150 words, 10 marks)

• Keywords / Tags: `PM Surya Ghar` `Rooftop Solar` `MNRE` `Pralhad Joshi` `Renewable Energy` `GS Paper III`

• Related Topics for Revision:

* National Solar Mission

* PM-KUSUM Scheme

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Coal Ministry Reports Robust Coal Stock Levels for Power Generation — [Economy: GS Paper III]

#### 1. The Core News Report

The Ministry of Coal has announced that India currently maintains robust coal stocks sufficient to meet 62 days of power demand across thermal power plants. Domestic coal production in July registered a strong 7.51% year-over-year growth, accompanied by a 17.34% surge in coal dispatches. This robust stockpile ensures uninterrupted fuel supply for base-load power generation, insulating the country’s energy grid against seasonal demand spikes and global fuel volatility.

#### 2. Examination Analysis (Why it is Important & Exam Relevance)

• Why it is Important: Maintaining adequate thermal coal reserves is crucial for uninterrupted industrial and domestic power supply, forming the backbone of India’s economic growth and energy security.

• UPSC Relevance:

* Prelims: Coal sector performance, domestic production indices, and energy security indicators.

* GS Paper (I / II / III / IV): GS Paper III (Infrastructure: Energy, Economic Development, Energy Security).

* Essay: Balancing fossil fuel dependency with green energy transitions.

* Interview: Discussion on India’s energy mix, coal dependency, and logistics management in the power sector.

• CGPSC Relevance:

* Prelims: Mineral resources of India and coal-producing states including Chhattisgarh (Korba, Hasdeo Arand).

* Mains Paper: GS Paper III (Mineral Resources and Energy Infrastructure of Chhattisgarh).

* Chhattisgarh Special: Chhattisgarh’s pivotal role in national coal production and thermal power generation.

• Key Facts to Remember:

* Important figures / Constitutional Articles / Committees: Coal stock sufficient for 62 days of power demand; July coal production rose 7.51% y-o-y.

* Reports / Organizations / Schemes / Acts / Locations / Dates: Ministry of Coal.

• Possible Prelims MCQs:

1. Consider the following statements regarding India’s coal sector:

1. Coal production in India is solely managed by private sector captive mines.

2. Thermal power plants in India rely heavily on domestic coal stocks for base-load electricity generation.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(A) 1 only

(B) 2 only

(C) Both 1 and 2

(D) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: (B) 2 only

2. India’s current coal inventory reported by the Ministry of Coal is adequate to meet approximately how many days of power demand?

(A) 15 days

(B) 30 days

(C) 45 days

(D) 62 days

Correct Answer: (D) 62 days

• Possible Mains Questions:

1. Despite aggressive targets for renewable energy expansion, coal remains central to India’s energy security. Examine the challenges and strategies in managing domestic coal supply chains. (250 words, 15 marks)

• Keywords / Tags: `Coal Ministry` `Energy Security` `Thermal Power` `Coal Production` `GS Paper III`

• Related Topics for Revision:

* Commercial Coal Mining Auctions

* National Coal Index

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Life Insurance Corporation Reports 23% Rise in Q1 Net Profit — [Economy: GS Paper III]

#### 1. The Core News Report

The Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) has reported a 23% increase in its net profit to ₹13,492 crore for the first quarter, driven by higher premium incomes and robust new business growth. The public sector insurance titan maintained its dominant market position, registering an overall market share of 60.10% by first-year premium income, reflecting the success of its focused market share strategy and steady expansion across diverse insurance portfolios.

#### 2. Examination Analysis (Why it is Important & Exam Relevance)

• Why it is Important: LIC’s financial performance serves as a key barometer of household savings, capital market depth, and the health of the insurance sector in India.

• UPSC Relevance:

* Prelims: Insurance sector regulator (IRDAI), public sector financial institutions, and life insurance market dynamics in India.

* GS Paper (I / II / III / IV): GS Paper III (Indian Economy, Mobilisation of Resources, Capital Markets, Insurance Sector).

* Interview: Discussion on public sector undertakings (PSUs), financial inclusion, and insurance penetration in rural India.

• CGPSC Relevance:

* Prelims: Major financial institutions and public sector corporations in India.

* Mains Paper: GS Paper III (Indian Economy and Financial Sector).

• Key Facts to Remember:

* Important figures / Constitutional Articles / Committees: LIC Q1 net profit grew 23% to ₹13,492 crore; first-year premium market share at 60.10%.

* Reports / Organizations / Schemes / Acts / Locations / Dates: Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC).

• Possible Prelims MCQs:

1. What is the primary regulator for the insurance sector in India, including institutions like LIC?

(A) Reserve Bank of India (RBI)

(B) Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)

(C) Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI)

(D) Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA)

Correct Answer: (C) Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI)

2. Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) recorded a net profit of how much for the first quarter, driven by higher premium incomes?

(A) ₹5,400 crore

(B) ₹13,492 crore

(C) ₹21,050 crore

(D) ₹32,100 crore

Correct Answer: (B) ₹13,492 crore

• Possible Mains Questions:

1. Analyze the role of public sector financial institutions like the Life Insurance Corporation in deepening financial inclusion and stabilizing capital markets in India. (150 words, 10 marks)

• Keywords / Tags: `LIC` `Insurance Sector` `Net Profit` `First Year Premium` `IRDAI` `GS Paper III`

• Related Topics for Revision:

* IRDAI Reforms and Insurance Penetration in India

* Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) Disinvestment and Listing Guidelines

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NASA Astronauts Undertake Spacewalk to Upgrade Space Station — [Science & Technology: GS Paper III]

#### 1. The Core News Report

NASA astronauts Anil Menon and Jessica Meir successfully undertook a spacewalk outside the International Space Station (ISS) to carry out essential station upgrades and maintenance work. The spacewalk marked the 281st in support of the space station, the sixth for astronaut Jessica Meir, and the historic first spacewalk for astronaut Anil Menon. The extravehicular activity highlights ongoing international cooperation in space exploration and continuous maintenance of orbital research infrastructure.

#### 2. Examination Analysis (Why it is Important & Exam Relevance)

• Why it is Important: Human spaceflight operations and station maintenance missions provide critical insights into microgravity research, extravehicular activity (EVA) engineering, and international scientific collaboration.

• UPSC Relevance:

* Prelims: International Space Station (ISS), space exploration missions, and space science terminology.

* GS Paper (I / II / III / IV): GS Paper III (Science and Technology: Space Technology, Discoveries, and International Space Cooperations).

* Essay: International cooperation in scientific endeavors and the future of human habitation in space.

• CGPSC Relevance:

* Prelims: General science and prominent space missions involving astronauts of Indian origin.

* Mains Paper: GS Paper III (Science and Technology developments).

• Key Facts to Remember:

* Important figures / Constitutional Articles / Committees: Spacewalk marked the 281st in support of the ISS.

* Reports / Organizations / Schemes / Acts / Locations / Dates: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), International Space Station (ISS).

• Possible Prelims MCQs:

1. The International Space Station (ISS) is a collaborative project involving multiple space agencies. Which of the following space agencies participate in the ISS?

(A) NASA, Roscosmos, ESA, JAXA, and CSA

(B) NASA, ISRO, CNSA, and ESA only

(C) ISRO, Roscosmos, and JAXA only

(D) ESA, CNSA, and NASA only

Correct Answer: (A) NASA, Roscosmos, ESA, JAXA, and CSA

2. In which major orbiting laboratory facility did NASA astronauts Anil Menon and Jessica Meir perform their recent spacewalk for upgrades?

(A) Tiangong Space Station

(B) International Space Station (ISS)

(C) Mir Space Station

(D) Skylab Orbital Facility

Correct Answer: (B) International Space Station (ISS)

• Possible Mains Questions:

1. Discuss the significance of international space collaborations such as the International Space Station in advancing human spaceflight and scientific research. (150 words, 10 marks)

• Keywords / Tags: `NASA` `Anil Menon` `Jessica Meir` `International Space Station` `Spacewalk` `GS Paper III`

• Related Topics for Revision:

* Gaganyaan Mission of ISRO

* Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Economy

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“name”: “With reference to the GOBARdhan scheme, consider the following statements:\n1. It aims to increase the domestic production of Compressed Biogas (CBG).\n2. It is designed to mobilize large-scale private investment and manage organic waste.\nWhich of the statements given above is/are correct?\n(A) 1 only\n(B) 2 only\n(C) Both 1 and 2\n(D) Neither 1 nor 2”,

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“text”: “Correct Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2. Explanation: The Union Cabinet approved the GOBARdhan scheme with an outlay of ₹23,371 crore to boost domestic CBG production and mobilize private investment.”

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“name”: “The newly approved financial outlay by the Union Cabinet for the GOBARdhan scheme to boost the CBG sector is approximately:\n(A) ₹10,000 crore\n(B) ₹15,500 crore\n(C) ₹23,371 crore\n(D) ₹50,000 crore”,

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“text”: “Correct Answer: (C) ₹23,371 crore. Explanation: The Cabinet approved ₹23,371 crore to fuel the Compressed Biogas (CBG) sector growth under the GOBARdhan scheme.”

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“name”: “The PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana primarily focuses on promoting which of the following?\n(A) Utility-scale solar parks in desert regions\n(B) Rooftop solar installations for residential households\n(C) Offshore wind energy generation farms\n(D) Agricultural solar water pump subsidies”,

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“name”: “Which Union Ministry is responsible for implementing the PM Surya Ghar scheme?\n(A) Ministry of Power\n(B) Ministry of New and Renewable Energy\n(C) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change\n(D) Ministry of Science and Technology”,

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“name”: “Consider the following statements regarding India’s coal sector:\n1. Coal production in India is solely managed by private sector captive mines.\n2. Thermal power plants in India rely heavily on domestic coal stocks for base-load electricity generation.\nWhich of the statements given above is/are correct?\n(A) 1 only\n(B) 2 only\n(C) Both 1 and 2\n(D) Neither 1 nor 2”,

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“text”: “Correct Answer: (C) Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI). Explanation: IRDAI regulates and promotes the insurance and reinsurance industries in India.”

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“name”: “Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) recorded a net profit of how much for the first quarter, driven by higher premium incomes?\n(A) ₹5,400 crore\n(B) ₹13,492 crore\n(C) ₹21,050 crore\n(D) ₹32,100 crore”,

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“text”: “Correct Answer: (B) ₹13,492 crore. Explanation: LIC posted a 23% rise in Q1 net profit touching ₹13,492 crore.”

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“name”: “The International Space Station (ISS) is a collaborative project involving multiple space agencies. Which of the following space agencies participate in the ISS?\n(A) NASA, Roscosmos, ESA, JAXA, and CSA\n(B) NASA, ISRO, CNSA, and ESA only\n(C) ISRO, Roscosmos, and JAXA only\n(D) ESA, CNSA, and NASA only”,

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